高一英语期末小练习（（三)

期末小练习（三）

选择题答案填写处

阅读

A

The Origins of Famous Brands

Our lives are full of brand names and trademarked products that we use every day. Although many brand names are simple acronyms(首字母缩略词) or versions of their founders names, some of the companies we trust every day actually have fascinating and surprising back stories.

Starbucks

It seems fitting that the most famous coffee brand in the world would take its name from one of the world’s greatest works of literature. The inspiration for the name of the coffeehouse came from Herman Melville’s Moby Dick. The founders’ original idea was to name the company after the Captain Ahab’s ship, but they eventually decided that Pequot wasn’t a great name for coffee, so they chose Ahab’s first mate, Starbucks, as the name instead.

Google

Google was originally called Backrub, for it searched for links in every corner of the Web. In 1997, when the founders of the company were searching for a new name showing a huge amount of data for their rapidly improving search technology, a friend suggested the word “googol”. When a friend tried to register the new domain (域) name, he misspelled “googol” as “google”.

Nike

Originally founded as a distributor for Japanese running shoes, the company was originally named BRS, or Blue Ribbon Sports. In 1971, BRS introduced its own soccer shoe, a model called Nike, which is also the name for the Greek goddess of victory. In 1978, the company officially renamed itself as Nike, Inc.

The right name is essential to a company’s success, and a great origin story is just as important as a great product. An attractive origin story is one more thing that keeps customers guessing, wondering, and buying its products.

1. What is the name of the Captain Ahab’s ship?

A. Moby Dick.    B. Starbucks.

C. Pequot.    D. Herman Melville.

2. Why did the founders of the Google want to change its name?

A. They mistook their name.

B. They wanted new customers.

C. The company’s original name was too long.

D. The company’s search technology was improving rapidly.

3. What is the importance of the origin story of one company?

A. It can change the company’s image.

B. It can add myth to the company.

C It explains the development of the company to customers.

It makes customers imagine and purchase its goods.

B

Living abroad to study can certainly be an interesting experience but is that alone a good enough reason for spending years far away from home? To make the experience truly worthwhile, there has to be a goal behind the decision to study abroad. This may be a wish to perfect language skills in a foreign language environment, or a clever move in your career development. You must also consider the costs, not just of living and studying abroad, but of applying. Most universities now charge application fees for international students.

If after considering these points you are sure that you want to apply to study abroad, your next step is to choose the right program of studies. Research your choices and select carefully. You must do your homework well. Most universities have information online but you can also email and ask them to send you more details. You can find a lot of information on school ranking from education websites. But read carefully. Different universities emphasize different strengths. Don’t just think about the university’s reputation; look for the most suitable for your goals.

Next, you must deal with a large pile of paperwork. This involves filling in application forms, preparing your school records, and getting reference letters. Reading the instructions and requirements of the universities carefully is of great importance. Sadly, many fine applicants get kicked out in the first round, simply because they don’t follow the application procedure properly.

Money is another important consideration. Some scholarships are provided by governments, others by schools and colleges. This information, again, can be found on the Internet. If you find a scholarship that is suitable for you, follow the application procedure carefully; the earlier you apply, the better your chance of getting it.

4. Why does the author think studying abroad is truly worthwhile according to paragraph 1?

A. It is a chance to develop your career.    B. It is an interesting experience.

C. It is fun to travel around the world.    D. All your friends are doing so.

5. What can a school ranking list tell us?

A. The names of all the professors.

B. How good the school is compared to others.

C. How much the courses cost.

D. Where the school is located.

6. What are the three basic steps when you apply?

A. Buy an airplane ticket, read the instructions and requirements, and study.

B. Write a reference letter, do paperwork, and study.

C. Prepare reference letters, prepare school records, and fill in the application form.

D. Prepare school records, do paperwork, and work hard.

7. What does the underlined phrase “get kicked out in the first round” in Paragraph 3 refer to?

A lose money in the first round    B. get accepted in the next round

C. fail to get to the next round    D. get kicked by a professor

完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

I sat down at my desk and started writing a letter of thankfulness, but when it came to actually putting the letter into the mailbox... I    8   ... I couldn't do it. I suddenly felt a sense of    9     and insecurity (不安).

The letter was to an old teacher with whom I kept in    10   on a social networking website. For months, I read about what she    11   on the website, which helped me to live my life differently. Her volunteer(志愿者）work wasn't huge.    12      , she was doing small, local good deeds.    13   , she changed my views on the world and for some reason, I felt I should let her know how her example    14        influenced me.

I could have easily sent her an email, but that seemed not enough for such an important thank-you. That's why I ended up    15     the letter before. But now here I was, standing before the mailbox, unable to put the envelope inside. What was stopping me? It suddenly hit me that I was     16   of being too nice. I guess I felt strange   17     it wasn't like she was my best friend or a relative. But I think my     18     was heartfelt. Thinking this over, I put the envelope in the mailbox      19   .

Weeks later I received a message from her. It turned out she was   20     a hard time and my note   21     a lot to her. She said she had no idea she was playing such a big    22     in others' life.

Not only did this letter make her happier, but her response(反应) to it brightened my world and 23   my level of happiness as well. I was so       24      that it had such a great influence on her that I decided to write a(n)     25       letter to someone each month. Now it's easier for me to   26     the goodness in others and be more   27      for this beautiful life I'm living.

话题写作汉译英

1.这种紧张还会威胁到他们的心理健康，导致不稳定的情绪。（非谓语）

_________________________________________________________________

2.在我看来，两个主要的因素促成了这个现象(phenomenon)。

_____________________________________________________________________

3.一方面日益增加的学业压力让学生一直坐在桌前，导致了睡眠和运动的缺乏。

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4.另一方面，不健康的生活方式例如熬夜，长时间玩手机和节食，也影响着他们的健康状况。

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5.总之，学生和学校应共同改善这个处境。

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期末小练习（三）参考答案

阅读 1-3 CDD 4-7 ABCC

完型8-12 ABADC 13-17 ADCBA   18-22 DCCBA   23-27 BDBDC

【答案】1. C    2. D    3. D

【分析】本文为说明文。文中介绍了星巴克、谷歌和耐克品牌名字的由来，并说明品牌名字的重要性。

【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Starbucks部分的中间“The founders’ original idea was to name the company after the Captain Ahab’s ship, but they eventually decided that Pequot wasn’t a great name for coffee, so they chose Ahab’s first mate, Starbucks, as the name instead.”(创始人最初的是想以船长Ahab的船的名字来命名公司。但他们最终认定(船的名字)佩特不是咖啡的好名字，所以他们选择了亚哈的大副星巴克，作为名字。)由此可知，这艘船的名字叫Pequot，选项C与文意相符，故选C项。

【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“Google”部分中的内容“when the founders of the company were searching for a new name showing a huge amount of data for their rapidly improving search technology ”(当时该公司的创始人正在寻找一个新名字，来表示他们搜索引擎技术的快速发展。)可知，改名是因为公司的搜索引擎技术的快速发展，选项D与文意相符，故选D项。

【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“The right name is essential to a company’s success, and a great origin story is just as important as a great product. An attractive origin story is one more thing that keeps customers guessing, wondering, and buying its products.”（恰当的名字对于一个公司的成功是至关重要的，一个伟大故事的起源和一个伟大的产品一样重要。一个吸引人的故事起源是一个让顾客猜测、疑惑和购买公司产品的东西。）可知，一个吸引人的故事起源可以让让顾客猜测和购买公司产品。选项D符合文意，故选D项。

【答案】4. A    5. B    6. C    7. C

【分析】本文属于说明文。本文介绍了出国留学的注意事项，包括弄清出国的目标，如何确定学校，以及出国留学的申请程序和准备材料。

【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段This may be a wish to perfect language skills in a foreign language environment, or a clever move in your career development可知，出国留学是真正值得的因为这是一个机会，在外语环境中完善自己的语言技能，以及发展你的事业。故选A。

【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段You can find a lot of information on school ranking from education websites.可知，学校排行榜告诉学校对比之间的一些信息。故选B。

【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段This involves filling in application form, preparing your school records, and getting reference letters可知，你申请的三个基本步骤是填写申请表，准备你的学校纪录，以及获得推荐信。故选C。

【7题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段many fine applicants get kicked out in the first round, simply because they don’t follow the application procedure properly(可悲的是，许多优秀的申请者被踢出第一轮，只是因为他们不遵循申请程序)可知，第一轮被踢出，意味着没办法进入下一轮，故选C。

【点睛】词义猜测题做题技巧。

关于词义猜测题做题技巧。词义猜测题是阅读理解中常见的一种题型，主要有对生词的词义猜测，熟词新义以及代词的猜测。其关键是根据上下文的逻辑关系，利用已掌握的信息，有必要的时候，借助生活或者文化常识，确定单词的词义。比如小题4，根据第三段many fine applicants get kicked out in the first round，simply because they don't follow the application procedure properly（可悲的是，许多优秀的申请者被踢出第一轮，只是因为他们不遵循申请程序）可知，第一轮被踢出，意味着没办法进入下一轮，故选C。

完型填空8-12 ABADC     13-17 ADCBA   18-22 DCCBA   23-27 BDBDC

A【解析】考查动词及语境理解。A.
stopped
停止；B.
continued
继续；C.swapped
交换；D.
paced
走动。句意：但是当真正要把信投进邮箱的时候，我停了下来。故选：A。9.B【解析】考查名词及语境理解。根据句意：我突然感到-种担忧
(concern）和不安。故选：B。

10.A【解析】考查名词及语境理解。此处指作者通过
Facebook
一直和她保持着联系。此处“keep
in
touch〞意为“保持联系”，故选：A。11.D【解析】考查词组及语境理解。根据句意：几个月来，我读到她在
Facebook
页面上写的内容，这些内容帮助我改变了我的生活。结合选项：A.
gave
in
屈服；B.suffered
from
经历，遭受；C.
packed
up
打包；均不符合句意；D.
set
down
写下.故选：D。

12.C【解析】考查语境理解。根据上下文可知她的志愿者行为也不是多么大，相反
(Instead）只是很小的善意行为。故选：C。13.A【解析】考查副词及语境理解。根据句意：渐渐地
(Gradually），她改变了我对这个世界的看法。故选：A。14.D【解析】考查副词及语境理解。根据句意：我觉得我应该让她知道她的所作所为对我有多么大的影响A.
widely
广泛地；B.
rapidly迅速地，立即；C.loosely
轻松地，随意地D.
greatly
大大地，非常。故选：D。15.C【解析】考查名词及语境理解。本来可以轻易地给她发封电子邮件，但这似乎不足以表达如此重要的谢意。这就是我最后手写
(handwriting）信的原因。故选：C。16.B【解析】考查形容词及语境理解。根据句意：是什么阻止了我？我突然想起来，我害怕太
(afraid)过完美了。故选：B。17.A【解析】考查连词及语境理解。我想我觉得很奇怪，是因为
(because）她不是我最好的朋友或亲戚。前后之间是因果关系。故选：A。18.D【解析】考查名词及语境理解。根据句意：也许我的留言（message）太真心了。故选：D。

19.C【解析】考查副词及语境理解。。结合语境，我仔细想了一下，最后
(finally）还是把信封放进了邮箱故选：C。20.C【解析】考查词组及语境理解。根据句意：原来她经历了一段艰难的时期，而我的信对她来说意义重大。结合选项：A.
turning
over翻转麦，变换；B.
giving
in
to
屈服于；C.
going
through
经历；D.
making
use
of
充分利用。故选：C。21.B【解析】考查动词及语境理解。根据句意：原来她经历了一段艰难的时期，而我的信对她来说意义重大。meant
意为"意义，意味"。故选：B。22.A【解析】考查固定搭配及语境理解。她说她不知道自己在别人的生活中扮演着如此重要的角色。此处"play
such
a
big
part
in”意为“扮演如此重要的角色”故选：A23.B【解析】考查动词及语境理解。根据句意可知这封信不仅让她更快乐，而且她的回复也照亮了我的世界，提高
(increased）了我的幸福水平。

24.D【解析】考查形容词及语境理解。根据句意可知我很激动(excited），因为我的信给别人带来了很大的影响，所以我决定每个月给别人写一封感谢信。25.B解析】考查语境理解。根据句意可知因为我的信给别人带来了很大的影响，所以我决定每个月给别人写一封感谢
(thank-you）信。故选：B。26.D【解析】考查词组及语境理解。根据句意可知现在我更容易发现他人的善良，更加感激我现在的美好生活。结合选项：A.hand
out
分发，拿出；B.
put
out生产，出版；C.
set
out出发，动身；D.
find
out发现。27.C【解析】考查句意理解。根据句意可知现在我更容易发现他人的善良，更加感激（grateful）我现在的美好生活。故选：C。

汉译英

1. The tense also poses a threat at their psychological health, causing unstable emotion.

2. From my point of view, two main factors contribute to this phenomenon.

3. On the one hand, the increasing academic stress has been keeping students at the desk all the time, which leads to lack of sleep and sports activities.

4.On the other hand, unhealthy lifestyle such as staying up all night, playing smart phones for hours and dieting, also have a bad influence on their health condition.

5. In conclusion, students and schools should improve this situation with joint efforts.